鋰二次電池、高溫超導(dǎo)鐵磁體、自旋熱電輸運調(diào)控、對稱性破缺 | 本周物理講座

1

報告人：Dr. Lingxiao Wang, RIKEN

時間：6月9日（周二）10:00

單位：中國科學(xué)院物理研究所

騰訊會議ID：531-460-998

會議密碼：0609

摘要:

Diffusion models, the engine behind modern image and video generations, share their mathematical backbone with stochastic quantization, the 1980s formulation of Euclidean field theory by Parisi and Wu. This correspondence turns a generative AI technique into a physically motivated sampler for lattice simulations, where critical slowing down and topological freezing limit conventional Monte Carlo. I will first introduce the physics underlying diffusion models, then our recent work showing that physics-conditioned and gauge-equivariant diffusion models generalize across couplings and lattice volumes in scalar and gauge theories, and an optimal stochastic quantization perspective on designing denoising samplers without data.

報告人簡介:

Lingxiao Wang is now the Deputy Director of AI as Science team at RIKEN, and an Assistant Professor at the University of Tokyo. He received his physics Ph.D. from Tsinghua University in 2020. From 2020 to 2023, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), and concurrently served as a research assistant at the University of Frankfurt. In 2024, he joined the RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS) and has led a working group on deep learning. His main research areas focus on machine learning and physics, including non-perturbative approches for simulating quantum field theories, especially for QCD physics. He is also involved in AI for Science from a multidisciplinary perspective.

2

報告人：Jue Wang，Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

時間：6月9日（周二）10:00

單位：中國科學(xué)院物理研究所

地點：松山湖材料實驗室雙創(chuàng)園區(qū)A1棟202會議室

騰訊會議：904-244-442

會議密碼：260609

摘要:

In this talk, I will discuss the quantum melting of a two-dimensional (2D) electron Wigner crystal in monolayer MoSe2. In an ideal 2D electron system, increasing carrier density drives a transition from a Wigner crystal to an electron liquid. The long-range nature of Coulomb interactions is predicted to preclude a direct first-order transition, instead giving rise to intermediate microemulsion phases in which crystalline and liquid domains microscopically coexist. Recent studies have shown that monolayer MoSe2 can host Wigner crystals without the need for an external magnetic field or periodic potential. Using exciton sensing techniques based on magneto-reflectance spectroscopy, we were able to probe the charge order and magnetic properties of the Wigner crystal, calibrate its electron temperature, and find compelling evidence for the emergence of a microemulsion phase. Furthermore, we found a non-Fermi liquid phase with enhanced spin susceptibility. We mapped the temperature-density phase diagram for the 2D electron system at ultralow temperatures and observed the Pomeranchuk effect arising from the large spin entropy of Wigner crystals. Related aspects of this quantum melting phenomenology are also supported by recent scanning tunneling microscopy studies.

報告人簡介:

Jue Wang is an assistant professor in the Department of Physics at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. He is an experimental condensed matter physicist with broad interests in low-dimensional and strongly correlated quantum phenomena. His research seeks to create novel quantum matters, advance our understanding of them, and explore their potential in the ongoing quantum revolution. To this end, his group develops and employs a wide range of optical spectroscopies and techniques, especially those using ultrafast lasers, in combination with nanofabrication of electronic devices, precision electrical measurements, and low-temperature techniques capable of cooling electrons down to the 10 mK regime.

Jue Wang received his B.S. from Peking University in 2014 and his Ph.D. from Columbia University in 2020. He subsequently held postdoctoral positions at Columbia University from 2020 to 2021 and at Harvard University from 2021 to 2025, before joining HKUST. He is a recipient of the 2026 Croucher Tak Wah Mak Innovation Award, Harvard Quantum Initiative Postdoctoral Fellowship, and the Columbia University Traube Fellowship.

3

報告人：榮俊臣，Ecole Polytechnique

時間：6月9日（周二）10:00

單位：中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點：南樓6620

摘要:

I will discuss the phase transition on the interface between the 2D Ising CFT and the tricritical Ising CFT, extending Cardy’s classic result on the boundary phase transition of 2D CFTs. I will show that there exists a critical point separating the ordered phase and disordered phase, which can be described by a novel conformal interface between 2D Ising CFT and tricritical Ising CFT. Studying the annulus partition function (thermal CFT on a line interval) allows us to bootstrap the boundary state up to a few signs. This is possible because the interface preserves a W3 symmetry, which emerges at the critical point. The work is inspired by recent advances in the experimental realization of the 2D Ising and tricritical Ising models using Rydberg atom arrays. I will introduce a potential experimental realization of the above setup if time permits.

報告人簡介:

榮俊臣，巴黎綜合理工博士后。長期從事量子場論相關(guān)研究，重點關(guān)注共形自舉 (conformal bootstrap) 以及共形場論在凝聚態(tài)物理中的引用。曾在德國電子加速器研究所 (DESY)、巴黎高等研究院 (IHES)、韓國漢陽大學(xué)等機構(gòu)從事博士后研究工作。

4

報告人：薛繼君，蘭州大學(xué)

時間：6月9日（周二）10:00

單位：中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點：南樓6520

5

報告人：甘文聰，Jiangxi Normal University

時間：6月9日（周二）14:00

單位：中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點：南樓6620

騰訊會議: 544-219-669

摘要:

We study the dynamics of the Bianchi I universe in modified loop quantum cosmology (mLQC-I) and uncover a robust mechanism for isotropization: the shear is dynamically suppressed after the bounce and decays rapidly in the quantum post-bounce regime, independently of the equation of state of standard matter sources. This naturally drives the Universe toward a homogeneous and isotropic expanding phase without fine-tuning. Our results show that mLQC-I provides a new quantum-gravitational mechanism for suppressing anisotropies, absent in other bounce models.

報告人簡介:

Wen-Cong Gan is a Lecturer in the School of Physics at Jiangxi Normal University. He received his PhD from Baylor University in 2023. His research focuses on black hole physics, holographic duality, and quantum gravity. Currently focusing on effective solutions of loop quantum black holes and loop quantum cosmology. Has published 18 papers in leading international physics journals such as Physical Review D and Journal of High Energy Physics, with over 300 citations.

6

報告人：王建，南京航空航天大學(xué)

時間：6月9日（周二）14:30

單位：中國科學(xué)院物理研究所

地點：懷柔X1樓101會議室

騰訊會議：712-539-336

密碼：7410

摘要:

自旋熱電子學(xué)為微納尺度熱管理與能量轉(zhuǎn)換提供了新范式。本次報告聚焦全光磁化反轉(zhuǎn)（AO-HDS）與自旋熱磁效應(yīng)的交叉，探討光控?zé)崃鞯奈锢頇C制與器件創(chuàng)新。首先，基于反常厄廷豪森效應(yīng)（AEE），我們驗證了可見光主動調(diào)控?zé)崃鞣植嫉臋C制。在垂直磁化薄膜中，利用圓偏振光誘導(dǎo)磁化的局域反轉(zhuǎn)，實現(xiàn)了AEE熱流方向的選擇性翻轉(zhuǎn)。該方法無需外磁場，僅調(diào)制光場圖案與偏振，即可實現(xiàn)局域冷熱分布的可編程操控。進(jìn)一步，我們將該機制拓展至反常能斯特效應(yīng)（ANE）。傳統(tǒng)ANE熱電堆受限于異質(zhì)材料拼接的工藝瓶頸；為此，我們在單磁性薄膜構(gòu)筑的Z字形陣列中，利用全光技術(shù)交替反轉(zhuǎn)相鄰線排的磁化方向。此設(shè)計克服了均勻磁化下熱電壓抵消的限制，將輸出電壓提升了一個數(shù)量級，并實現(xiàn)了極性的光控逆轉(zhuǎn)。本系列研究在微納尺度上揭示了光、磁、熱多場耦合的新路徑，不僅極大豐富了自旋熱電子學(xué)的物理內(nèi)涵，也為未來探索智能熱管理與新型綠色能源收集技術(shù)提供了一定的新啟示與應(yīng)用價值的策略。

報告人簡介:

王建，教授。國家重大人才工程A類青年項目、南京航空航天大學(xué)“長空英才”、日本學(xué)術(shù)振興會(JSPS)“卓越研究員”。擁有17年日本知名科研機構(gòu)及高校的學(xué)術(shù)研究與技術(shù)開發(fā)經(jīng)歷。2007年本科畢業(yè)于大連理工大學(xué)，在日本東京工業(yè)大學(xué)獲碩士與博士學(xué)位。畢業(yè)后先后在日本國立物質(zhì)材料研究機構(gòu)(NIMS)、日本東北大學(xué)金屬材料研究所(IMR)以及日本國立產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)綜合研究所(AIST)從事研究工作，歷任博士后、ICYS研究員(獨立PI)、助理教授及主任研究員(終身職位)。長期致力于先進(jìn)磁性功能材料及器件的研發(fā)與微觀機理探索。主持日本學(xué)術(shù)振興會(JSPS)青年項目與基盤研究、財團基金及企業(yè)橫向課題等10余項。迄今在 Nature Communications, Acta Materialia（7篇）, Advanced Electronic Materials等國際權(quán)威期刊發(fā)表SCI論文56篇，申請日本發(fā)明專利8項。

7

報告人：黃宇傲天，Jiangxi Normal University

時間：6月9日（周二）16:00

單位：中國科學(xué)院理論物理研究所

地點：南樓6620

摘要：

Phase transitions are ubiquitous in physics, and their manifestation in the scalarization of compact objects provides a rich ground for theoretical exploration. Following the recent discovery that scalarization in neutron stars typically constitutes a first-order phase transition, we extend this analysis to other compact objects, including boson stars and black holes. By employing a Landau-theory-inspired approach combined with phase diagram analysis, we investigate the nature of phase transitions during the scalarization of these compact objects. Our analysis reveals a complex phase structure where distinct mechanisms can lead to markedly different evolutionary paths for these astrophysical systems.

報告人簡介:

黃宇傲天，2015年本科畢業(yè)于遼寧科技大學(xué)，2020年博士畢業(yè)于北京師范大學(xué)，2022年到2024年在德國Oldenburg大學(xué)從事博士后研究，現(xiàn)為江西師范大學(xué)物理與通信電子學(xué)院校聘副教授，碩士研究生導(dǎo)師；研究興趣為引力理論，黑洞與蟲洞物理，主持國家自然科學(xué)基金兩項，江西省自然科學(xué)基金一項，發(fā)表論文二十余篇。

8

報告人：張定，清華大學(xué)

時間：6月10日（周三）15:00

單位：北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

地點：北京大學(xué)物理樓，西563會議室

9

報告人：周豪慎，南京大學(xué)

時間：6月11日（周四）15:00

單位：北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

地點：物理大樓中樓212報告廳

摘要：

利用電解時電解液中的鋰離子在陰極析出或嵌入陰極活性物質(zhì)的電化學(xué)原理，我們首次把海水/鹵水作為電解液，研發(fā)了由海水/鹵水和固態(tài)電解質(zhì)構(gòu)筑復(fù)合電解質(zhì)來直接低成本制備高純度的金屬鋰的技術(shù)。進(jìn)一步設(shè)計由多溶劑和鋰鹽在分子層次復(fù)合重構(gòu)的電解液，制筑了穩(wěn)定的電極界面，成功開發(fā)了500Wh/kg左右的高比能電池軟包，可以穩(wěn)定循環(huán)200圈以上。

報告人簡介:

南京大學(xué)教授。1985年于南京大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)，1994年于日本國立東京大學(xué)獲博士學(xué)位。中組部國家特聘專家，教育部長江學(xué)者，科技部973首席科學(xué)家，長期從事鋰/鈉離子電池，金屬鋰/鈉二次電池，固態(tài)電池等動力和儲能電池的研發(fā)。曾任日本國立產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)綜合研究所(AIST)首席研究員，曾兼任國立東京大學(xué)特聘教授，曾兼任國立筑波大學(xué)教授。作為通訊作者在Nature （3篇）, Nature Energy（3篇）, Nature Materials, Nature Catalysis., Nature Communications, Science Advance, Joule等學(xué)術(shù)期刊發(fā)表論文600余篇，他引60000余次，H因子超140，授權(quán)國內(nèi)外專利80余件。

10

報告人：Prof. Elias Kiritsis，University of Crete

時間：6月11日（周四）16:00

單位：北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院

地點：物理西樓B105

封面圖片來源：

https://quantumzeitgeist.com/electron-crystals-melting-points-accurately/

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